考研英语考试用书2018考研英语同源阅读精讲80篇 下载 pdf 百度网盘 epub 免费 2025 电子版 mobi 在线

《中公版·2018考研英语：同源阅读精讲80篇》以近10年考研英语（一）阅读理解出题规律为基础，精心研发80篇真题同源阅读理解，为考生讲解阅读理解PartA的解题技巧。具体内容有：

理论部分：阅读理解Part A作答指导包括两小节，*小节“读懂文章的秘密”从寻找论点和理清论据两个维度，帮助考生读懂考研阅读的文章。第二小节“试题解答的技巧”分别从细节题、推断题、主旨题、含义题和态度题这五种试题的角度讲解答题技巧。为考生总结真题出题规律，考生通过学习这部分内容，可加深对考研英语阅读的认识。

主体部分：本书的主体部分设有20个单元的阅读理解，每个单元含有4篇文章，每篇文章有【文章翻译】【试题翻译】【文章品读】【词海拾贝】【难句简析】【试题精解】和【词汇相连】7个模块。考生通过【文章翻译】【试题翻译】两个模块，可以提高自己的翻译能力，同时能加深对文章的理解。【文章品读】对文章大意、逻辑关系进行了梳理。【词海拾贝】【词汇相连】旨在帮助考生掌握核心词汇。【难句简析】从结构剖析、难点注释、参考译文三个角度帮助考生透彻理解难句。【试题精解】透彻分析出题思路，让考生弄懂正确选项为什么对，错误选项为什么错。

附录：为了帮助考生应对阅读理解Part A的长难句，本书附有阅读理解Part A长难句精练。

阅读理解PartA作答指导I文章读懂的秘密

阅读理解PartA作答指导II试题解答的技巧

Unit

Text1战场营救：陷入“熊”抱中

Text2减少碳排放

Text3信息高速公路收费

Text4学生贷款对经济产生的涟漪效应

Unit1文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1走进常春藤

Text2面部检测：电子眼告知一切

Text3女方收入影响婚姻质量

Text4进化论怀疑者在自由探究的幌子下推进他们的事业

Unit2文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1成功要趁早，英雄出少年

Text2物联网与监控

Text3电子游戏：小游戏，大生意

Text4我们的社会已经失去了善的本性

Unit3文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1经济衰退对企业家和经理人的影响在加剧

Text2养孩子是一种心灵创伤

Text3从众行为

Text4新兴的无线医疗市场

Unit4文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1科学家的社交网络

Text2亚洲女性向高管职位奋斗

Text3美国医疗公司：整合之潮亦其壮大之势

Text4乔纳森·弗兰岑错了：数字时代使我们更聪明

Unit5文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1消解节约悖论

Text2美丽不是我的错

Text3当谷歌悄然走进我们的起居室

Text4迈克尔·菲尔普斯身上的紫色印记是什么？

Unit6文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1好莱坞的影碟危机

Text2顾客认为麦当劳正是他们想去的地方

Text3超度连接造成了恐慌：我们如何重获自由

Text4经济学专业的学生要求改革经济学的教学方法

Unit7文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1外来入侵物种

Text2采取行动减少气候变化已迫在眉睫

Text3美国快餐企业面临员工为涨薪而举行的抗议

Text4乐高如何成为世界上热的玩具公司

Unit8文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1偷猎者变身守林人

Text2谷歌与汽车制造商就自动驾驶汽车进行商谈

Text3科技行业中的女性一起追踪多样性

Text4道德节食

Unit9文章精讲与答案详解

Text1偷猎者变身守林人

Text2谷歌与汽车制造商就自动驾驶汽车进行商谈

Text3科技行业中的女性一起追踪多样性

Text4道德节食

Unit9文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1游行再现

Text2高铁：无处高速

Text3书包太重，孩子身体遭殃

Text4管理者应向艺术家学习

Unit10文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1新创企业：料理他们的后花园

Text2采用电动汽车的步伐正在加快

Text3啤酒的饮用：形状改变一切！

Text4XboxMusic带领微软在挑战iTunes上有新推进

Unit11文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1美国鳟鱼面临新威胁

Text2秀的经理人

Text3新型酒店房间钥匙：智能手机

Text4管理思想家需要更多考虑关于人与机器人的关系

Unit12文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1卷烟工业：强弩之末

Text2一边工作一边听音乐

Text3来数一数世界上的懒汉

Text4金融从业者的非理性行为

Unit13文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1芭比娃娃推出丰满、小巧和高大版本

Text2“江南风”挑战美国神话

Text3亚洲结婚率的下降：亚洲人孤独的心

Text4为什么零售商会邮寄如此多的商品目录册

Unit14文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1儿时记忆的威力

Text2基因决定幸福

Text3一个隐私问题

Text4孤独会对你的健康不利的原因

Unit15文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1美国政府停摆

Text2好莱坞如何鼓励网络盗版

Text3实时竞价如何影响媒体公司

Text4女权主义婚礼的崛起

Unit16文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1廉价智能手机的崛起

Text2点亮地球一小时

Text3减少现金使用如何使美国变得更安全

Text4使用脸谱网会使人变忧伤？这取决于你怎么使用它

Unit17文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1通感：闻起来像贝多芬

Text2高价格使美国公民申请人数下降

Text3公司为何无须过多关注“声誉”

Text4女性群体中严重的经济问题不是收入不平等

Unit18文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1移民的有益影响

Text2科学家培育出发光兔子

Text3外因遗传与压力

Text4公司发现自闭症也是一种工作技能

Unit19文章精讲与答案详解

Unit

Text1纽约餐饮革命——对小费说不

Text2相貌歧视应该是非法的吗？

Text3学习第二外语可以延缓大脑衰老

Text4摇摇晃晃的家具让人在情感上追求稳定

Unit20文章精讲与答案详解

附录阅读理解PartA长难句精练415

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阅读理解Part A作答指导I

　　文章读懂的秘密

　　考研英语阅读理解的文章多选自西方国家报刊，体裁多是议论文。一篇议论文的构成主要有论点和论据两部分。作者在文章中提出自己的观点，即我们所称的论点，然后将各个论据用不同的论证方法加以论证，形成一篇逻辑缜密的文章。因此，“读懂文章”重在寻找论点，理清论据。

　　一、寻找论点

　　考生首先要有寻找文章论点的意识，根据历年真题的考查情况，我们总结如下：在考研英语阅读的文章中，作者通常在首段首句、首段末句、第二段首句以及段落中表示转折的句子处表明自己的观点。

　　 (一）论点在首段首句

　　关注文章各段首句，尤其是段首句。这一点充分体现了西方人的思维习惯对语言的影响。西方人属于直线式思维模式，即习惯于开门见山地表达自己的观点，然后通过各种论述方法论证自己的观点。因此通常情况下，文章首段首句是文章的中心句，各段首句是段落中心句。

　　［例1］

　　Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project ... [ 2001年]

　　［例2］

　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers ... [ 2003年]

　　［例3］

　　Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English ... [ 2005年]

　　（二）论点在首段末句

　　这类文章的一个显著特点是，作者先说明一个现象或讲述一个事件，然后在该段末尾，作者针对这个现象提出相应的观点。

　　［例1］

　　“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good. [ 2014年]

　　［例2］

　　During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. [ 2007年]

　　（三）论点在第二段首句

　　这类文章的首段有一个显著的特点，作者在说明现象和讲述事件时通常使用描述性语言和记叙性语言；而在第二段首句出现的文章论点通常是议论性语言。

　　［例1］

　　In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.

　　The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing ... [ 2008年]

　　［例2］

　　Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. Amazon.com received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.

　　Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal,” says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.” [ 2010年]

　　（四）表示转折的句子通常为段落论点

　　关注文章首段或其他段落中表示转承、因果的句子。因为通常情况下，首段出现这样的句子, 要么是中心句，要么与中心密切相关；而在文章其他段落出现这样的句子通常为段落主旨句。

　　［例1］

　　All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America. [ 2014年 ]

　　［例2］

　　On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states. [ 2013年]

　　因此考生要读懂考研阅读的文章，首先要学会有意识地寻找文章的中心主旨，通过研究真题，整理总结文章主旨的出现方式，基本上常考的主旨题也就迎刃而解了。

　　二、理清论据

　　当作者提出文章中心，即这篇议论文的论点后，接下来还会运用各类论据证明自己的观点，考生应学会整理。在考研英语阅读文章中，作者经常使用的论据类型包括：引用专家或教授等人的观点、数字论据、事实论据以及实验调查研究等。

　　（一）一种论据

　　［例1］（数字论据）

　　The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals. [ 2008年]

　　［例2］（专家观点）

　　 Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”[ 2008年]

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